The History of John Bull
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cabinet, he found the following paper:--
"It is evident that matrimony is founded upon an original contract,
whereby the wife makes over the right she has by the law of Nature
in favour of the husband, by which he acquires the property of all
her posterity. But, then, the obligation is mutual; and where the
contract is broken on one side it ceases to bind on the other.
Where there is a right there must be a power to maintain it and to
punish the offending party. This power I affirm to be that original
right, or rather that indispensable duty lodged in all wives in the
cases above mentioned. No wife is bound by any law to which herself
has not consented. All economical government is lodged originally
in the husband and wife, the executive part being in the husband;
both have their privileges secured to them by law and reason; but
will any man infer from the husband being invested with the
executive power, that the wife is deprived of her share, and that
she has no remedy left but preces and lacrymae, or an appeal to a
supreme court of judicature? No less frivolous are the arrangements
that are drawn from the general appellations and terms of husband
and wife. A husband denotes several different sorts of magistracy,
according to the usages and customs of different climates and
countries. In some eastern nations it signifies a tyrant, with the
absolute power of life and death. In Turkey it denotes an arbitrary
governor, with power of perpetual imprisonment; in Italy it gives
the husband the power of poison and padlocks; in the countries of
England, France, and Holland, it has a quite different meaning,
implying a free and equal government, securing to the wife in
certain cases the liberty of change, and the property of pin-money
and separate maintenance. So that the arguments drawn from the
terms of husband and wife are fallacious, and by no means fit to
support a tyrannical doctrine, as that of absolute unlimited
chastity and conjugal fidelity.
"The general exhortations to fidelity in wives are meant only for
rules in ordinary cases, but they naturally suppose three conditions
of ability, justice, and fidelity in the husband; such an unlimited,
unconditioned fidelity in the wife could never be supposed by
reasonable men. It seems a reflection upon the Church to charge her
with doctrines that countenance oppression.
"This doctrine of the original right of change is congruous to the
law of Nature, which is superior to all human laws, and for that I
dare appeal to all wives: It is much to the honour of our English
wives that they have never given up that fundamental point, and that
though in former ages they were muffled up in darkness and
superstition, yet that notion seemed engraven on their minds, and
the impression so strong that nothing could impair it.
"To assert the illegality of change, upon any pretence whatsoever,
were to cast odious colours upon the married state, to blacken the
necessary means of perpetuating families--such laws can never be
supposed to have been designed to defeat the very end of matrimony.
I call them necessary means, for in many cases what other means are
left? Such a doctrine wounds the honour of families, unsettles the
titles to kingdoms, honours, and estates; for if the actions from
which such settlements spring were illegal, all that is built upon
them must be so too; but the last is absurd, therefore the first
must be so likewise. What is the cause that Europe groans at
present under the heavy load of a cruel and expensive war, but the
tyrannical custom of a certain nation, and the scrupulous nicety of
a silly queen in not exercising this indispensable duty, whereby the
kingdom might have had an heir, and a controverted succession might
have been avoided. These are the effects of the narrow maxims of
your clergy, 'That one must not do evil that good may come of it.'
"The assertors of this indefeasible right, and jus divinum of
matrimony, do all in their hearts favour the pretenders to married
women; for if the true legal foundation of the married state be once
sapped, and instead thereof tyrannical maxims introduced, what must
follow but elopements instead of secret and peaceable change?
"From all that has been said, one may clearly perceive the absurdity
of the doctrine of this seditious, discontented, hot-headed,
ungifted, unedifying preacher, asserting 'that the grand security of
the matrimonial state, and the pillar upon which it stands, is
founded upon the wife's belief of an absolute unconditional fidelity
to the husband;' by which bold assertion he strikes at the root,
digs the foundation, and removes the basis upon which the Happiness
of a married state is built. As for his personal reflections, I
would gladly know who are those 'wanton wives' he speaks of? who are
those ladies of high stations that he so boldly traduces in his
sermon? It is pretty plain who these aspersions are aimed
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