Remembering the Man Who Gave Rock 'n' Roll the 'Bo Diddley Beat'
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HOST:
Welcome to AMERICAN MOSAIC in VOA Special English.
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I'm Doug Johnson.
Today we tell about the new additions to the Library of Congress National Recording Registry ...
Answer a question about the Massachusetts Institute of Technology...
And remember musician Bo Diddley who died this week.
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National Recording Registry
HOST:
The United States Library of Congress has added twenty-five more sounds to its National Recording Registry. They include the best selling pop music album of all time, the first broadcast across the Atlantic Ocean and some noise from Earth that was sent into space. Faith Lapidus has our report.
FAITH LAPIDUS:
The National Recording Registry began its work in two thousand. Its goal is to protect the "sound" history of the nation. It currently holds about two hundred fifty recordings.
Fiorello LaGuardia
The latest additions include a former Mayor of New York, Fiorello LaGuardia. Listen as he does his part to help the city during a newspaper delivery strike in nineteen forty-five. The mayor read the newspaper comic strips （连环漫画） over the radio to New York City children.
FIORELLO LAGUARDIA: "Now children, I know you're all disappointed today that you didn't get the funnies, so gather around. Here's 'Dick Tracy.' Let's see what 'Dick Tracy' is doing..."
The nineteen seventy-three jazz album, "Head Hunters," by pianist and composer Herbie Hancock also made the registry. Here is some of the title track.
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The Library of Congress also added Michael Jackson's huge hit album, "Thriller."
补充知识：
1982年12月1日，在这一天，流行音乐的面貌被永久性地改变。25年前，Michael Jackson的《颤栗》（Thriller）专辑发行了，它让这个来自Jackson 5的童星登基为流行音乐之王。《颤栗》并不只是Jackson的又一张热门专辑而已，它是一个奇迹。《颤栗》如今在全球卖出了1.04亿张专辑，派生了七首Top 10金曲，斩获了七座格莱美奖杯，包括“年度专辑”奖，并在《Billboard》排行榜上连续80周名列前10名。即使在目前，这张专辑也继续能每年卖出六万张，还有一些舞蹈上的东西在传承：太空步，从纽约到孟买，《颤栗》的遗产依然在全球的地图上蔓延，四分之一个世纪后，《颤栗》依然令人“颤栗”。
1982年12月发行《Thriller》是历史上最畅销的专辑，它把Michael Jackson捧上了世界的顶峰，也从方方面面改变了世界的流行文化，创造并成就了音乐录影这个新的传播媒介。
作为《吉尼斯世界记录》认证下的“历史上最成功的艺人”，Michael Jackson是流行文化世界里最受赞誉也最具影响力的艺术家之一。他是世界音乐奖的“千僖艺人”也获得美国音乐奖的“世纪艺人奖”。他还两度入主摇滚名人堂，分别是以Jackson 5成员的身份（1997）和独唱艺人的身份（2001）。
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Released in nineteen eighty-two, "Thriller" remains the top selling album of all time.
KURT WALDHEIM: "I send greetings on behalf of the people of our planet."
That was former United Nations Secretary General Kurt Waldheim on a recording called "Sounds of the Earth." A NASA spacecraft took the recording on a trip to the outer planets and beyond in nineteen seventy-seven. The recording included sounds of nature, wildlife, and human culture as well as messages in fifty-five languages.
Elizabeth Cotton
Roy Orbison is also on the registry with his song "Oh, Pretty Woman" from nineteen sixty-four.
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The National Recording Registry（美国录音学会）also includes the first trans-Atlantic radio broadcast in nineteen twenty-five. Radio broadcasts from Ronald Reagan in the nineteen seventies shortly before he became president of the United States. And this nineteen fifty-nine recording written and sung by Elizabeth Cotten. It is a North Carolina folk song called "Freight Train."
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
HOST:
Our listener question this week comes from Mohamad Firouzi in Iran. He would like to know more about the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT. This famous university in Cambridge is best known for producing top scientists, architects, and engineers.
In the mid nineteenth century, the scientist and educator William Barton Rogers began working to establish a university that would teach the sciences as well as provide education about the arts. He received official permission from state lawmakers to create the school in eighteen sixty-one. MIT first began holding classes four years later. This school was one of the first to include laboratory experiments in the classroom. This way, students could learn by working on real experiments rather than just by listening to a teacher talk about theory.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology
知识扩展：
麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology，MIT）是美国培养高级科技人才和管理人才、从事科学与技术教育与研究的一所私立大学。1865年创建于波士顿，1961年迁到现在所在的坎布里奇。位于马萨诸塞州（Massachusetts）的剑桥（Cambridge），查尔斯河（Charles River）将其与波士顿的后湾区（Back Bay）隔开.虽然后来增设了人文、社会科学等系科，但该学院仍保持了其纯技术性质的特色，主要培养工程师和技术人员，其办学方向是把理论科学和应用科学的教育与研究结合起来。MIT创建之初，只有15名学生。经过近140年的发展，现已有学生近万名，并且已被世界公认为与牛津、剑桥、哈佛等老牌大学齐名的、以理工科为主的、综合性的世界一流大学。
In nineteen sixteen, MIT moved across the Charles River from Boston to Cambridge, Massachusetts. Today, MIT has about four thousand undergraduate students and about six thousand graduate students. Among them are about four hundred undergraduates and about two thousand five hundred graduate students from more than one hundred foreign countries.
To attend this school, students pay about thirty-four thousand dollars an academic year. MIT is one of the most selective schools in the United States. Last year, only about twelve percent of those who applied as first year students were offered admission.
Most people may think MIT only offers science and engineering programs. MIT researchers are often noted for new studies, discoveries and experiments. And, over twenty-five former students at MIT have won Nobel prizes for work in science and economics and even peace.
However, MIT also has schools of architecture, management, and humanities, arts and social sciences. And, there is also a college of health sciences and technology. Undergraduate students in the School of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences can get degrees in anthropology, comparative media studies or literature.
Bo Diddley:电摇滚乐先驱、吉他演奏大师、格莱美终身成就奖获得者
HOST:
One of America's first rock and rollers died this week. Celebrated guitarist, singer and songwriter Bo Diddley was seventy-nine. Katherine Cole tells about him and plays some of his music.
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KATHERINE COLE:
Bo Diddley
That was "Who Do You Love" from the musician's first album, "Bo Diddley." It came out in nineteen fifty-eight. Bo Diddley was one of the most influential musicians of the nineteen fifties and sixties. The guitarist combined rhythm and blues with Latin and African musical influences and created a new sound all his own -- the "Bo Diddley beat." Many performers copied this sound, including the Rolling Stones, Elvis Presley and the Who.
Here is Bo Diddley performing "I'm a Man," one of his early hits.
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Bo Diddley was born Otha Ellas Bates in the state of Mississippi in nineteen twenty-eight. He grew up in Chicago, Illinois. By age seven he could play the violin. He taught himself to play guitar when he was a teenager. He said blues musician John Lee Hooker was a major musical influence.
As a young man, he changed his name to Bo Diddley and started playing music on the streets of Chicago. He formed a band and started playing in clubs. He signed a recording contract with Chess Records in nineteen fifty-five.
Bo Diddley made hit records throughout the nineteen sixties. Many British rock bands recorded versions of his songs that also became popular.
Bo Diddley was admitted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in nineteen eighty-seven. He received a star on the Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California. And he was honored with a Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement in nineteen ninety-eight.
Bo Diddley kept performing live shows until last year. He stopped performing after suffering a stroke at a concert in Iowa. He died of heart failure June second at his home in Archer, Florida.
We leave you with Bo Diddley performing "Pretty Thing."
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HOST:
I'm Doug Johnson. I hope you enjoyed our program today.
It was written by Caty Weaver and Dana Demange, who also was the producer. To read the text of this program and download audio, go to our Web site,www.en8848.com.
Join us again next week for AMERICAN MOSAIC, VOA's radio magazine in Special English.
